Populations of many species are genetically adapted to local historical climate conditions.
Yet most forecasts of species' distributions under climate change have ignored local …

Aim Climate change is expected to impact mountain biodiversity by shifting species ranges
and the biomes they shape. The extent and regional variation in these impacts are still …

Ecosystem services (ES) from mountain forests are highly relevant for human societies. ES
with a direct economic support function (eg timber production), regulatory services (eg …

Macroecology and biogeography are concerned with understanding biodiversity patterns
across space and time. In the past, the two disciplines have addressed this question mainly …

Understanding and forecasting species' geographic distributions in the face of global
change is a central priority in biodiversity science. The existing view is that one must choose …

Macroecology has traditionally relied on descriptive characterization of large-scale
ecological patterns to offer narrative explanations for the origin and maintenance of those …

Individual-based models (IBMs) of complex systems emerged in the 1960s and early 1970s,
across diverse disciplines from astronomy to zoology. Ecological IBMs arose with seemingly …

Climate change is expected to alter the distribution of tree species because of critical
environmental tolerances related to growth, mortality, reproduction, disturbances, and biotic …

Climate is one of the main factors driving species distributions and global biodiversity
patterns. Obtaining accurate predictions of species' range shifts in response to ongoing …

Aim Climate change impacts forest functioning and services through two inter‐related
effects. First, it impacts tree growth, with effects, for example, on biomass production …