Background Since the inception of global industrialization, steroidal estrogens have become
an emerging and serious concern. Worldwide, steroid estrogens including estrone, estradiol …

Since Darwin's conception of sexual selection theory, scientists have struggled to identify the
evolutionary forces underlying the pervasive differences between male and female …

Steroidal estrogens (SEs) remain one of the notable endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs)
that pose a significant threat to the aquatic environment in this era owing to their interference …

Pharmaceuticals are a subset of micropollutants, present in the environment in trace
concentrations. Because of their persistent nature, these chemicals are of particular concern …

Environmental estrogens, including bisphenol A (BPA) and 17β-estradiol (E2), which are
widely used in industries and medicine, pose a severe ecological threat to fish due to …

If not managed properly, modern agricultural practices can alter surface and groundwater
quality and drinking water resources resulting in potential negative effects on aquatic and …

Environmental estrogenic compounds are important pollutants, which are widely distributed
in natural water bodies. They produce various adverse effects on fish, but their concentration …

Over the past two decades, steroidal estrogens (SEs) such as 17α-ethylestradiol (EE2), 17β-
estradiol (E2), 17α-estradiol (17α-E2), estriol (E3) and estrone (E1) have elicited worldwide …

Elevated levels of pharmaceuticals, steroid hormones and xenoestrogens (PSHXEs) in the
aquatic environment pose a serious threat to the ecological balance. The endocrine …

Exposure to environmental estrogens and progestins has contributed to adverse effects on
the reproduction of many aquatic wildlife species. However, few reports have paid attention …