The formation of new blood vessels, called angiogenesis, is an essential pathophysiological
process in which several families of regulators have been implicated. Among these, vascular …

The vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) and their receptors (VEGFRs) play crucial
roles in vasculogenesis and angiogenesis. Angiogenesis is an important mechanism in …

The lymphatic system, composed of initial and collecting lymphatic vessels as well as lymph
nodes that are present in almost every tissue of the human body, acts as an essential …

Lymphatic vessels maintain tissue fluid homeostasis by returning to blood circulation
interstitial fluid that has extravasated from the blood capillaries. They provide a trafficking …

The central nervous system (CNS) is considered an organ devoid of lymphatic vasculature.
Yet, part of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drains into the cervical lymph nodes (LNs). The …

Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs) are best known for their involvement in
orchestrating the development and maintenance of the blood and lymphatic vascular …

Atherosclerosis is a multifocal alteration of the vascular wall of medium and large arteries
characterized by a local accumulation of cholesterol and non-resolving inflammation …

The lymphatic vasculature is a blind-ended network crucial for tissue-fluid homeostasis,
immune surveillance and lipid absorption from the gut. Recent evidence has proposed an …

Pharmacological inhibition of VEGF-A has proven to be effective in inhibiting angiogenesis
and vascular leak associated with cancers and various eye diseases. However, little …

The mammalian circulatory system comprises both the cardiovascular system and the
lymphatic system. In contrast to the blood vascular circulation, the lymphatic system forms a …