Abstract Interleukin-33 (IL-33), a member of the IL-1 family, is an alarmin cytokine with
crucial roles in tissue homeostasis and repair, type 2 immunity, allergic and non-allergic …

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the
nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an …

The skin barrier would not function without IL-1 family members, but their physiological role
in the immunological aspects of skin barrier function are often overlooked. This review …

The physical barrier of the intestine and associated mucosal immunity maintains a delicate
homeostatic balance between the host and the external environment by regulating immune …

The intracellular parasite Toxoplasma gondii has long provided a tractable experimental
system to investigate how the immune system deals with intracellular infections. This review …

Toxoplasma gondii is a pathogenic protozoan parasite of the Apicomplexa family that affects
approximately 30% of the world's population. Symptoms are usually mild in …

Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a nuclear factor mainly expressed in barrier epithelium, endothelial
cells, and fibroblast reticular cells. Some inflammatory cells also express IL-33 under certain …

Toxoplasma gondii is the protozoan causative agent of toxoplasmosis in humans and warm-
blooded animals. Recent studies have illustrated that the immune system plays a pivotal role …

Background Loss-of-function of PD-L1 induces therapy resistance of anti-PD-1/L1 therapy,
and the complex regulatory mechanisms are not completely understood. We previously …

Abstract Background Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important subset of
innate immune cells in the tumor microenvironment, and they are pivotal regulators of tumor …