Migraine is an extremely disabling, common neurological disorder characterized by a
complex neurobiology, involving a series of central and peripheral nervous system areas …

The cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway is the efferent arm of the inflammatory reflex, a
neural circuit through which the CNS can modulate peripheral immune responses. Signals …

Introduction Despite advances in the management of headache disorders, some patients
with migraine do not experience adequate pain relief with acute and preventive treatments. It …

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) is a technology that provides electrical stimulation to the
cervical vagus nerve and can be applied in the treatment of a wide variety of …

The role of the trigeminal system in facial and dural sensitivity has been recognized for a
long time. More recently, the trigeminal system has also been considered a prominent actor …

Background Several neuromodulation methods exists for migraine treatment. The aim of the
present study was to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized …

Background Dysfunction of the thalamocortical connectivity network is thought to underlie
the pathophysiology of the migraine. This current study aimed to explore the thalamocortical …

Background Medication is commonly used to treat migraine. However, patients may
experience adverse events or fail to respond to medication. In recent years …

Objective To assess the clinical efficacy of remote electrical neuromodulation (REN), used
every other day, for the prevention of migraine. Background Preventive treatment is key to …

Aim Evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-invasive vagus nerve stimulation for migraine
prevention. Methods After completing a 4-week diary run-in period, adults who had migraine …