Adverse variations of abiotic environmental cues that deviate from an optimal range impose
stresses to plants. Abiotic stresses severely impede plant physiology and development …

Abstract Calcium (Ca2+) is a second messenger in plants growth and development, as well
as in stress responses. The transient elevation in cytosolic Ca2+ concentration have been …

Homeostasis of the essential micronutrient manganese (Mn) is crucially determined through
availability and uptake efficiency in all organisms. Mn deficiency of plants especially occurs …

Despite serving as a major inorganic nitrogen source for plants, ammonium causes toxicity
at elevated concentrations, inhibiting root elongation early on. While previous studies have …

Plants have evolved to deal with different stresses during plant growth, relying on complex
interactions or crosstalk between multiple signalling pathways in plant cells. In this …

Abiotic stressors, including drought, salt, cold, and heat, profoundly impact plant growth and
development, forcing elaborate cellular responses for adaptation and resilience. Among the …

Manganese (Mn) is an essential micronutrient for all living organisms. However, excess Mn
supply that can occur in acid or waterlogged soils has toxic effects on plant physiology and …

An essential macronutrient for plants, calcium (Ca 2+) is needed for a variety of functions
both under normal and stressful situations. It displays characteristics of a structural …

Organismal homeostasis of the essential ion K+ requires sensing of its availability, efficient
uptake, and defined distribution. Understanding plant K+ nutrition is essential to advance …

Plants have a variety of regulatory mechanisms to perceive, transduce, and respond to biotic
and abiotic stress. One such mechanism is the calcium-sensing CBL–CIPK system …