Paclitaxel (PTX), the most widely used anticancer drug, is applied for the treatment of
various types of malignant diseases. Mechanisms of PTX action represent several ways in …

Human carcinomas frequently express high levels of receptors in the EGF receptor family,
and overexpression of at least two of these receptors, the EGF receptor (EGFr) and closely …

The ErbB2-targeting antibody, trastuzumab (Herceptin), has remarkable therapeutic efficacy
in certain patients with ErbB2-overexpressing tumors. The overall trastuzumab response …

Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a transcriptional activator composed of HIF-1α and HIF-
1β subunits. Several dozen HIF-1 targets are known, including the gene encoding vascular …

Breast cancers are comprised of molecularly distinct subtypes that may respond differently to
pathway-targeted therapies now under development. Collections of breast cancer cell lines …

Acquisition of the ability to evade cellular suicide, or apoptosis, is one of the master switches
that contributes to cellular transformation and, ultimately, to invasive cancer. Much has been …

Amplification or overexpression of HER-2/neu in cancer cells confers resistance to apoptosis
and promotes cell growth. The cellular localization of p21 Cip1/WAF1 has been proposed to …

Cancer develops when the balance between cell proliferation and cell death is disrupted,
and the ensuing aberrant proliferation leads to tumor growth. The cyclin-dependent kinase …

Since its approval by the FDA in 1992 for the treatment of ovarian cancer, the use of Taxol
has dramatically increased. Although treatment with Taxol has led to improvement in the …

Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family that has attracted
attention from several viewpoints of basic and translational research. Its cell cycle-regulated …