Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling has a paradoxical role in cancer
progression, and it acts as a tumor suppressor in the early stages but a tumor promoter in …

Germline loss-of-function mutations of the VHL tumor suppressor gene cause von Hippel–
Lindau disease, which is associated with an increased risk of hemangioblastomas, clear cell …

Hypoxia plays a critical role during the evolution of malignant cells and tumour
microenvironment (TME). Tumour-derived exosomes contain informative microRNAs …

Studies of the regulation of erythropoietin (EPO) production by the liver and kidneys, one of
the classical physiological responses to hypoxia, led to the discovery of human oxygen …

The hypoxia-inducible factors (HIF) are transcription factors that activate the adaptive
hypoxic response when oxygen levels are low. The HIF transcriptional program increases …

Abstract Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a master driver of glucose metabolism in
cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that a HIF-1α anti-sense lncRNA, HIFAL, is essential for …

Low oxygen tension (hypoxia) is a pervasive physiological and pathophysiological stimulus
that metazoan organisms have contended with since they evolved from their single-celled …

Fibrosis in adipose tissue is a major driver of obesity-related metabolic dysregulation. It is
characterized by an overaccumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) during unhealthy …

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a major kidney disease characterized by an abrupt loss of renal
function. Accumulating evidence indicates that incomplete or maladaptive repair after AKI …

The extensive oxygen gradient between the air we breathe (Po2~ 21 kPa) and its ultimate
distribution within mitochondria (as low as~ 0.5–1 kPa) is testament to the efforts expended …