Also known as the “second human genome,” the gut microbiome plays important roles in
both the maintenance of health and the pathogenesis of disease. The symbiotic relationship …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) has a high prevalence in the general population and is
associated with high mortality; a need therefore exists for better biomarkers for diagnosis …

Elevated protein catabolism and protein malnutrition are common in patients with chronic
kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The underlying etiology …

More than 100 trillion microbial cells that reside in the human gut heavily influence nutrition,
metabolism, and immune function of the host. Gut dysbiosis, seen commonly in patients with …

The epigenetic modification of nucleic acids represents one of the most significant areas of
study in the field of nucleic acids because it makes gene regulation more complex and …

Abstract Changes in plasma concentration of small organic metabolites could be due to their
altered production or urinary excretion and changes in their urine concentration may be due …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a worldwide health problem, because it is one of the most
common complications of metabolic diseases including obesity and type 2 diabetes …

Early detection is critical in prevention and treatment of kidney disease. However currently
clinical laboratory and histopathological tests do not provide region-specific and accurate …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a public health problem with very high prevalence and
mortality. Yet, there is a paucity of effective treatment options, partly due to insufficient …

Aims/hypothesis This prospective, observational study examines associations between 51
urinary metabolites and risk of progression of diabetic nephropathy in individuals with type 1 …