This paper reviews the empirical literature on the corporate governance of banks. We start
by highlighting the main differences between banks and nonfinancial firms and focus on …

Surveys on the link between financial markets and economic growth routinely cite scores of
distinct papers, 1 and yet the abundance of both theoretical and empirical research on the …

Background Children's early skills are essential for their later success in school. Recent
evidence highlights the importance of early mathematics, relative to reading and …

We document empirical support for a key micro-level channel—innovation by young, private
firms—through which financial sector deregulation affects economic growth. We find that …

This paper reviews, appraises, and critiques theoretical and empirical research on the
connections between the operation of the financial system and economic growth. While …

Measuring and improving the efficiency of the Chinese commercial banking system has
recently attracted increasing interest. Few studies, however, have adopted the two-stage …

We propose a more complete conceptual framework for analysis of SME credit availability
issues. In this framework, lending technologies are the key conduit through which …

China is reforming its banking system, partially privatizing and taking on minority foreign
ownership of three of its dominant “Big Four” state-owned banks. This paper helps predict …

Using the Panzar and Rosse H‐statistic as a measure of competition in 45 countries, we find
that more competitive banking systems are less prone to experience a systemic crisis and …

The consolidation of banks around the world in recent years is intensifying public policy
debates on the influences of concentration and competition on the performance of banks. In …