Propolis is a honey bee product containing chiefly beeswax and resins originated from plant
buds or exudates. Propolis resin exerts a diversity of biological activities, such as …

Honeybee populations have locally and temporally declined in the last few years because of
both biotic and abiotic factors. Among the latter, one of the most important reasons is …

As interest in propolis as a human medicinal product increases, so too does interest in its
botanical sources and production. While literature reviewing the chemical constituents and …

Microsporidia are obligate intracellular, spore-forming parasitic fungi which are grouped with
the Cryptomycota. They are both opportunistic pathogens in humans and emerging …

Nosema disease is one factor that can cause colony decline in honeybees (Apis mellifera L.)
worldwide. Nosema ceranae has outcompeted Nosema apis in the Western honeybee (A …

Honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) are the most effective pollinators for different crops and wild
flowering plants, thus maintaining numerous ecosystems in the world. However, honey bee …

Honeybees use propolis collected from plants for coating the inner walls of their nest. This
substance is also used as a natural antibiotic against microbial pathogens, similarly to many …

The health of western honey bees (Apis mellifera L.) is constantly affected by Nosema
ceranae, a microsporidian threat to colonies worldwide. We extracted propolis, a natural …

Nosemosis is a disease triggered by the single-celled spore-forming fungi Nosema apis and
Nosema ceranae, which can cause extensive colony losses in honey bees (Apis mellifera …

Simple Summary In this study, we tested the potential of a wormwood and oak bark-based
dietary supplement for Nosema ceranae infection control and health improvement of …