Human-induced stresses of overfishing, eutrophication, climate change, translocation and
habitat modification appear to be promoting jellyfish (pelagic cnidarian and ctenophore) …

Animals do not just occupy the modern biosphere, they permeate its structure and define
how it works. Their unique combination of organ-grade multicellularity, motility and …

The declining health of marine ecosystems around the world is evidence that current
piecemeal governance is inadequate to successfully support healthy coastal and ocean …

Antarctic krill Euphausia superba (hereafter 'krill') occur in regions undergoing rapid
environmental change, particularly loss of winter sea ice. During recent years, harvesting of …

Surface fronts and mesoscale eddies are two classes of ocean structures that engender
significant pattern in the habitats of marine organisms. Both are sites where mechanical …

Understanding the relative importance of top-down and bottom-up regulation of ecosystem
structure is a fundamental ecological question, with implications for fisheries and water …

Pacific sand lance Ammodytes personatus are a key forage fish in the North Pacific for many
species of salmon, groundfish, seabirds, and marine mammals and have historically been …

Marine ecosystems such as the Baltic Sea are currently under strong atmospheric and
anthropogenic pressure. Besides natural and human‐induced changes in climate, major …

In many coastal areas, marine ecosystems have shifted into contrasting states having
reduced ecosystem services (hereafter called degraded). Such degraded ecosystems may …

Adaptive management has been widely recommended as a way to deal with extreme
uncertainty in natural resource and environmental decision making. The core concept in …