Taurine (a sulfur-containing β-amino acid), creatine (a metabolite of arginine, glycine and
methionine), carnosine (a dipeptide; β-alanyl-l-histidine), and 4-hydroxyproline (an imino …

Histidine is a dietary essential amino acid because it cannot be synthesized in humans. The
WHO/FAO requirement for adults for histidine is 10 mg· kg body weight-1· d-1. Histidine is …

Abstract Carnosine (β-alanyl-l-histidine) was discovered in 1900 as an abundant non-
protein nitrogen-containing compound of meat. The dipeptide is not only found in skeletal …

Abstract Position statement The International Society of Sports Nutrition (ISSN) provides an
objective and critical review of the mechanisms and use of beta-alanine supplementation …

Following its predecessor, the second edition of Amino Acids: Biochemistry and Nutrition
presents exhaustive coverage of amino acids in the nutrition, metabolism and health of …

Due to the well-defined role of β-alanine as a substrate of carnosine (a major contributor to
H+ buffering during high-intensity exercise), β-alanine is fast becoming a popular ergogenic …

Modulation of endogenous cellular defense mechanisms represents an innovative approach
to therapeutic intervention in diseases causing chronic tissue damage, such as in …

Abstract Position Statement The following seven points related to the intake of protein for
healthy, exercising individuals constitute the position stand of the Society. They have been …

Carnosine is a dipeptide synthesized in the body from β-alanine and L-histidine. It is found
in high concentrations in the brain, muscle, and gastrointestinal tissues of humans and is …

Carnosine was first discovered in skeletal muscle, where its concentration is higher than in
any other tissue. This, along with an understanding of its role as an intracellular pH buffer …