This article takes up the popular argument that much online discussion is toxic and hence
harmful to democracy, and argues that the pervasiveness of incivility is not incompatible with …

The third edition of The Dynamics of Political Communication continues its comprehensive
coverage of communication and politics, focusing on problematic issues that bear on the …

Incivility and toxicity have become concepts du jour in research about social media. The
clear normative implication in much of this research is that incivility is bad and should be …

Although many social media users have reported encountering hate speech, differences in
the perception between different users remain unclear. Using a qualitative multi-method …

Recently, widely reported studies assessed messages sent to UK female MPs online and
concluded that they suffer high levels of abuse. However, these studies tended to focus on …

Online media offer unprecedented access to digital public spheres, largely enhancing users'
opportunities for participation and providing new means for strengthening democratic …

Code review is an important quality assurance activity for software development. Code
review discussions among developers and maintainers can be heated and sometimes …

Although incivility is an increasing concern among scholars and the public, explanations for
this phenomenon sometimes overlook the role of computer-mediated communication …

The literature on public figures attacked by their audiences is unclear why female and male
figures react differently to attacks. This study examines why female journalists are more …

Online discussions are performed in the gaze of fellow users. To increase engagement,
platforms typically let these users evaluate the comments made by others through rating …