We present and apply to data for insects, chickens and rats a conceptual and experimental
framework for studying nutrition as a multi-dimensional phenomenon. The framework …

Researchers commonly compute percentages or size-specific indices in an attempt to
remove effects of body size from physiological data. Unfortunately, such ratios seldom …

Nutrition has long been considered more the domain of medicine and agriculture than of the
biological sciences, yet it touches and shapes all aspects of the natural world. The need for …

1. The science of nutritional ecology spans a wide range of fields, including ecology,
nutrition, behaviour, morphology, physiology, life history and evolutionary biology. But does …

We studied Spodoptera frugiperda development using different food sources in the
laboratory and field. Newly hatched larvae were fed soybean, cotton, maize, wheat, and oat …

Many herbivores and omnivores adjust their food selection behavior to regulate the intake of
multiple nutrients. Carnivores, however, are generally assumed to optimize the rate of prey …

1. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) or other linear models of the residuals of a simple linear
regression is being increasingly used in ecology to compare two or more groups. Such a …

Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) polyphenol oxidases (PPOs), enzymes that oxidize
phenolics to quinones, have been implicated in plant resistance to insects. The role of PPO …

Several prominent hypotheses have been posed to explain the immense variability among
plant species in defense against herbivores. A major concept in the evolutionary ecology of …

Feeding inside leaves by" leaf-mining" insects has been viewed as an adaptive innovation
for consuming foliage. The leaf mine presumably provides its occupant shelter from the …