Large pre-trained models, also known as foundation models (FMs), are trained in a task-
agnostic manner on large-scale data and can be adapted to a wide range of downstream …

Artificial general intelligence (AGI) has gained global recognition as a future technology due
to the emergence of breakthrough large language models and chatbots such as GPT-4 and …

Geo-tagged images are publicly available in large quantities, whereas labels such as object
classes are rather scarce and expensive to collect. Meanwhile, contrastive learning has …

GeoAI, or geospatial artificial intelligence, has become a trending topic and the frontier for
spatial analytics in Geography. Although much progress has been made in exploring the …

In recent decades, we have witnessed great advances on the Internet of Things, mobile
devices, sensor-based systems, and resulting big data infrastructures, which have gradually …

Large pre-trained models, also known as foundation models (FMs), are trained in a task-
agnostic manner on large-scale data and can be adapted to a wide range of downstream …

Science has traditionally been driven by curiosity and followed one goal: the pursuit of truth
and the advancement of knowledge. Recently, ethics, empathy, and equity, which we term …

The field of Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be roughly divided into two branches: Symbolic
Artificial Intelligence and Connectionist Artificial Intelligence (or so-called Subsymbolic AI) …

Improving the interpretability of geospatial artificial intelligence (GeoAI) models has become
critically important to open the 'black box'of complex AI models, such as deep learning. This …

Background: Many published machine learning studies are irreproducible. Issues with
methodology and not properly accounting for variation introduced by the algorithm …