Converging studies have shown that M1 and M2 macrophages are functionally polarized in
response to microorganisms and host mediators. Gene expression profiling of macrophages …

Receptors carrying immunoreceptor tyrosine‐based inhibition motifs (ITIMs) in their
cytoplasmic tail control a vast array of cellular responses, ranging from autoimmunity …

Studies have emphasized the importance of disease-associated microorganisms in
perturbed communities, however, the protective roles of commensals are largely under …

Type I interferons (IFN-α and IFN-β) are important for protection against many viral
infections, whereas type II interferon (IFN-γ) is essential for host defense against some …

NF-κB/Rel is a family of transcription factors whose activation has long been linked to the
production of inflammatory cytokines. Here, we studied NF-κB signaling in the regulation of …

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a systemic disease, predisposing patients to other
inflammatory conditions including periodontitis. The subgingival microbiome, a key player in …

Leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)‐like receptors [LILRs, also known as Ig‐like transcripts
(ILTs)] are a family of inhibitory and stimulatory receptors encoded within the leukocyte …

We examined the role of immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies in mediating host defense to the
intracellular parasite, Leishmania. We show that IgG not only fails to provide protection …

The human microbiome influences and reflects the health or disease state of the host.
Periodontitis, a disease affecting about half of American adults, is associated with alterations …

Human leukocyte immunoglobulin (Ig)-like receptors (LILR) are a family of 11 innate
immunomodulatory receptors, primarily expressed on lymphoid and myeloid cells. LILRs are …