BACKGROUND Mammalian germ cells differentiate into oocytes in females and
spermatozoa in males. An oocyte and a spermatozoon fuse to form a zygote and then …

Medical treatments for cancers or other conditions can lead to permanent infertility. Infertility
is an insidious disease that impacts not only the ability to have a biological child but also the …

Epigenetic reprogramming resets parental epigenetic memories and differentiates
primordial germ cells (PGCs) into mitotic pro-spermatogonia or oogonia. This process …

Mammalian male germ-cell development consists of three distinct phases: primordial germ
cell (PGC) development, male germ-cell specification for spermatogonium development …

Germline commitment following primordial germ cell (PGC) specification during early human
development establishes an epigenetic programme and competence for gametogenesis …

An in vitro model of human ovarian follicles would greatly benefit the study of female
reproduction. Ovarian development requires the combination of germ cells and several …

Human primordial germ cells (hPGCs), the precursors of sperm and eggs, are specified
during weeks 2− 3 after fertilization. Few studies on ex vivo and in vitro cultured human …

Reconstitution of germ cell fate from pluripotent stem cells provides an opportunity to
understand the molecular underpinnings of germ cell development. Here, we established …

Human in vitro oogenesis provides a framework for clarifying the mechanism of human
oogenesis. To create its benchmark, it is vital to promote in vitro oogenesis using a model …

In vitro oogenesis is key to elucidating the mechanism of human female germ‐cell
development and its anomalies. Accordingly, pluripotent stem cells have been induced into …