Since the resurgence of highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A (H5N1) virus, clade 2.3.
4.4 b, during 2021, these viruses have spread widely among birds worldwide, causing …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) of hemagglutinin type H5 and clade 2.3.
4.4 b have widely spread within the northern hemisphere since 2020 and threaten wild bird …

The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) H5N1 virus clade 2.3. 4.4 b has caused the
death of millions of domestic birds and thousands of wild birds in the USA since January …

We report highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus in dairy cattle and cats in
Kansas and Texas, United States, which reflects the continued spread of clade 2.3. 4.4 b …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A/H5N1 viruses (lineage 2.3. 4.4 b) are rapidly
invading the Americas, threatening wildlife, poultry, and potentially evolving into the next …

We report the spillover of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) into marine mammals
in the northeastern United States, coincident with H5N1 in sympatric wild birds. Our data …

Highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) viruses of clade 2.3. 4.4 b underwent an
explosive geographic expansion in 2021 among wild birds and domestic poultry across …

In March 2024, highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) clade 2.3. 4.4 b H5N1
infections were reported in dairy cows in Texas, USA. Rapid dissemination to more than 380 …

Abstract Clade 2.3. 4.4 b H5N1 is causing an unprecedented outbreak in dairy cows in the
United States. To understand if recent H5N1 viruses are changing their receptor use, we …

Phylogenetic evidence from the recent resurgence of high-pathogenicity avian influenza
(HPAI) virus subtype H5N1, clade 2.3. 4.4 b, observed in European wild birds and poultry …