Malignant melanoma is notorious for its inter-and intratumour heterogeneity, based on
transcriptionally distinct melanoma cell phenotypes. It is thought that these distinct …

An incomplete view of the mechanisms that drive metastasis, the primary cause of cancer-
related death, has been a major barrier to development of effective therapeutics and …

Tumours use various strategies to evade immune surveillance,. Immunotherapies targeting
tumour immune evasion such as immune checkpoint blockade have shown considerable …

Phenotypic and functional heterogeneity arise among cancer cells within the same tumour
as a consequence of genetic change, environmental differences and reversible changes in …

Melanoma is a cancer that exhibits one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous features.
The incidence rate escalates. A high number of clones harboring various mutations …

The differentiation of tumorigenic cancer stem cells into nontumorigenic cancer cells confers
heterogeneity to some cancers beyond that explained by clonal evolution or environmental …

Epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal transition (EMT), a process through which epithelial tumor cells
acquire mesenchymal phenotypic properties, contributes to both metastatic dissemination …

Tumours comprise multiple phenotypically distinct subpopulations of cells, some of which
are proposed to possess stem cell‐like properties, being able to self‐renew, seed and …

We investigated whether melanoma is hierarchically organized into phenotypically distinct
subpopulations of tumorigenic and nontumorigenic cells or whether most melanoma cells …

Human melanoma is composed of distinct cell types reminiscent of neural crest derivatives
and contains multipotent cells that express the neural crest stem cell markers CD271 …