Over the past decades, water scarcity and security have significantly stimulated the
advances of reverse osmosis (RO) technology, which dominates the global desalination …

Reverse osmosis (RO) membrane technology is one of the most important technologies for
water treatment. However, membrane fouling is an inevitable issue. Membrane fouling leads …

Nanofiltration (NF) membranes have come a long way since it was first introduced during the
late 80's. With properties in between those of ultrafiltration (UF) and reverse osmosis (RO) …

Separation of liquid–liquid emulsions is a challenging problem that has gained importance
with the development of unconventional oil resources. Large volumes of water contaminated …

Reverse osmosis is becoming popular for the purification of water resources eg sea and
brackish water. However, one of the major limitations in efficient operation are the fouling of …

During the last decades, the interest of using membrane technology has emerged in
wastewater treatment as well as drinking water and process water production. However, the …

We fabricated polyelectrolyte multilayer (PEM) nanofiltration (NF) membranes using a layer-
by-layer (LbL) method for effective removal of scale-forming divalent cations (Mg 2+, Ca 2+ …

Nanotechnology is the most promising and under explored branch of science of 21st
century. It has the capability of generating materials with unique and unusual properties …

The nucleation and growth of inorganic scale on membrane surfaces is a problem shared by
operators of reverse osmosis systems. While suite of indicators exists to predict scale …

Over the past few decades, wastewater has been evolving from a waste to a valuable
resource. Wastewater can not only dampen the effects of water shortages by means of water …