Smart cities development relies on information and communication technologies (ICTs) to
improve all urban aspects, including governance, economy, mobility, and environment. The …

The Internet of Things (IoT) aims to efficiently connect various entities, including humans,
machines, smart devices, physical environments, and others, so they can communicate and …

Abstract Information communications technology (ICT) refers to the technology used for
communication and managing information must be utilized to enhance the environment …

Following the Internet of Things (IoT) and the Internet of Space (IoS), we are now
approaching IoP (Internet of People), or the Internet of Individuals, with the integration of …

Smart healthcare systems are novel innovations that can improve healthcare services by
giving individuals details about their medical conditions in real time. However, processing …

Edge computing, by pushing resources closer to the network's edge, is revolutionizing data
processing, enabling real-time analysis and localized decision-making on resource …

Nowadays, there is a growing trend towards fog computing which is a relatively new concept
that has been introduced as an extension of cloud computing. It is considered as a …

With the increase in real‐time latency‐sensitive Internet of Things (IoT) applications, a huge
amount of data is generated in the Fog‐IoT paradigm. There is a need to schedule and …

The smart city concept serves the well-being of the urban population in order to improve
quality of life in different life aspects including logistic services. However, the continuous …

Network performance and throughput is affected by network congestion, which is caused by
unnecessary bandwidth over-utilisation, expanding transmission delays, and increase in …