A dense and diverse microbial community inhabits the gut and many epithelial surfaces.
Referred to as the microbiota, it co-evolved with the host and is beneficial for many host …

Prenatal and early postnatal life represent key periods of immune system development. In
addition to genetics and host biology, environment has a large and irreversible role in the …

The interplay between the commensal microbiota and the mammalian immune system
development and function includes multifold interactions in homeostasis and disease. The …

The gut and the liver are characterized by mutual interactions between both organs, the
microbiome, diet and other environmental factors. The sum of these interactions is …

Neonates are born with an immature immune system and rely on the transfer of immunity
from their mothers. Maternal antibodies are transferred via the placenta and breast milk …

The mucosal immune system of neonates goes through successive, non-redundant phases
that support the developmental needs of the infant and ultimately establish immune …

IgA mediates microbial homeostasis at the intestinal mucosa. Within the gut, IgA acts in a
context-dependent manner to both prevent and promote bacterial colonization and to …

Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a major cause of diarrhea in children and
travelers in develo** countries. ETEC is characterized by the ability to produce major …

Intestinal microbiota interacts with other systems, especially the immune system, which is
responsible for protecting the body by recognizing “stranger”(pathogen associated …

Highlights•In utero microbial stimulation modulates both prenatal and postnatal immune cell
development.•Unique neonatal gut microenvironment allows for progressive colonization of …