The COVID-19 pandemic has been accompanied by SARS-CoV-2 evolution and
emergence of viral variants that have far exceeded initial expectations. Five major variants of …

The massive scale of the global SARS-CoV-2 sequencing effort created new opportunities
and challenges for understanding SARS-CoV-2 evolution. Rapid detection and assessment …

In response to the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, the global scientific
community, through unprecedented effort, has sequenced and shared over 11 million …

Abstract The SARS-CoV-2 lineage B. 1.1. 7, designated variant of concern (VOC) 202012/01
by Public Health England, was first identified in the UK in late summer to early autumn 2020 …

Understanding the spread and evolution of pathogens is important for effective public health
measures and surveillance. Nextstrain consists of a database of viral genomes, a …

After its emergence in Wuhan, China, in late November or early December 2019, the severe
acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus rapidly spread globally …

Mutations that accumulate in the genome of cells or viruses can be used to infer their
evolutionary history. In the case of rapidly evolving organisms, genomes can reveal their …

INTRODUCTION As the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
pandemic continues, the deployment of safe and effective vaccines presents a key …

Summary The World Health Organization declared mpox a public health emergency of
international concern in July 2022. To investigate global mpox transmission and population …

INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has imposed massive public health burdens and
economic costs, with more than 220 million confirmed cases and more than 4.5 million …