Although cells in many brain regions respond to reward, the cortical-basal ganglia circuit is
at the heart of the reward system. The key structures in this network are the anterior …

Psychostimulants, including amphetamines and methylphenidate, are first-line
pharmacotherapies for individuals with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This …

Investors systematically deviate from rationality when making financial decisions, yet the
mechanisms responsible for these deviations have not been identified. Using event-related …

Process-specific training can improve performance on untrained tasks, but the magnitude of
gain is variable and often there is no transfer at all. We demonstrate transfer to a 3-back test …

Through neuromodulatory influences over fronto-striato-cerebellar circuits, dopamine and
noradrenaline play important roles in high-level executive functions often reported to be …

Context A major limitation on the development of biomarkers and novel interventions for
schizophrenia is that its pathogenesis is unknown. Although elevated striatal dopamine …

Mesolimbic dopamine is thought to play a role in the processing of rewards. However,
animal studies also demonstrate dopamine release in response to aversive stressful stimuli …

Although compulsive sexual behaviour (CSB) has been conceptualized as a “behavioural”
addiction and common or overlap** neural circuits may govern the processing of natural …

Compared to the study of negative emotions such as fear, the neurobiology of positive
emotional processes and the associated positive affect (PA) states has only recently …

Accurate quantification in PET and SPECT requires correction for a number of physical
factors, such as photon attenuation, Compton scattering and random coincidences (in PET) …