Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating pathology with various causal factors,
culminating in end stage renal disease (ESRD) requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation …

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that not only regulates the immune and
inflammatory response but also affects hematopoiesis, metabolism, and organ development …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at an increased risk of premature mortality,
mainly from cardiovascular causes. The association between CKD on hemodialysis and …

Beyond its critical function in calcium homeostasis, vitamin D has recently been found to
play an important role in the modulation of the immune/inflammation system via regulating …

The most problematic issue in clinical nephrology is the relentless and progressive increase
in patients with ESRD (end-stage renal disease) worldwide. The impact of diabetic …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major problem of
public health. Currently, many of these patients experience progression of cardiovascular …

In conjunction with the classical functions of regulating intestinal, bone, and kidney calcium
and phosphorus absorption, as well as bone mineralization of vitamin D, the population …

Vitamin D is a hormone involved in many physiological processes. Its active form, 1, 25 (OH)
2D3, modulates serum calcium–phosphate homeostasis and skeletal homeostasis. A …

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is not only one of the main complications of diabetes, but
also the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The occurrence and …

Worldwide deaths from diabetes mellitus (DM) and colorectal cancer increased by 90% and
57%, respectively, over the past 20 years. The risk of colorectal cancer was estimated to be …