Develo** new materials is a long-standing goal that extends across the fields of synthesis,
catalysis, nanotechnology and materials science. Transforming one compound or material …

External control of chemical processes is a subject of widespread interest in chemical
research, including control of electrocatalytic processes with significant promise in energy …

Electric double layers form at electrode–electrolyte interfaces and often play defining roles in
governing electrochemical reaction rates and selectivity. While double layer formation has …

In place of functional groups that impose different inductive effects, we immobilize molecules
carrying thiol groups on a gold electrode. By applying different voltages, the properties of the …

Large oriented electric fields spontaneously arise at all solid–liquid interfaces via the
exchange of ions and/or electrons with the solution. Although intrinsic electric fields are …

Interfacial electric fields play a critical role in electrocatalysis and are often characterized by
using vibrational probes attached to an electrode surface. Understanding the physical …

The characterization of electrical double layers is important since the interfacial electric field
and electrolyte environment directly affect the reaction mechanisms and catalytic rates of …

Understanding how applied potentials and electrolyte solution conditions affect interfacial
proton (charge) transfers at electrode surfaces is critical for electrochemical technologies …

Surfactants modulate interfacial processes. In electrochemical CO2 reduction, cationic
surfactants promote carbon product formation and suppress hydrogen evolution. The …

Controlling reactivity with electric fields is a persistent challenge in chemistry. One approach
is to tether ions at well-defined locations near a reactive center. To quantify fields arising …