[HTML][HTML] Toxin–antitoxin systems: classification, biological roles, and applications

J Qiu, Y Zhai, M Wei, C Zheng, X Jiao - Microbiological research, 2022‏ - Elsevier
Abstract Toxin–antitoxin (TA) systems, composed of a stable toxin and a cognate unstable
antitoxin, are ubiquitous in the genomes of bacteria and archaea. Under suitable growth …

The never-ending battle between lactic acid bacteria and their phages

C Philippe, JK Cornuault, AG de Melo… - FEMS Microbiology …, 2023‏ - academic.oup.com
Over the past few decades, the interest in lactic acid bacteria (LAB) has been steadily
growing. This is mainly due to their industrial use, their health benefits as probiotic bacteria …

A widespread family of WYL-domain transcriptional regulators co-localizes with diverse phage defence systems and islands

DM Picton, JD Harling-Lee, SJ Duffner… - Nucleic Acids …, 2022‏ - academic.oup.com
Bacteria are under constant assault by bacteriophages and other mobile genetic elements.
As a result, bacteria have evolved a multitude of systems that protect from attack. Genes …

A secreted effector with a dual role as a toxin and as a transcriptional factor

D Wang, L Zhu, X Zhen, D Yang, C Li, Y Chen… - Nature …, 2022‏ - nature.com
Bacteria have evolved multiple secretion systems for delivering effector proteins into the
cytosol of neighboring cells, but the roles of many of these effectors remain unknown. Here …

A nucleotidyltransferase toxin inhibits growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis through inactivation of tRNA acceptor stems

Y Cai, B Usher, C Gutierrez, A Tolcan, M Mansour… - Science …, 2020‏ - science.org
Toxin-antitoxin systems are widespread stress-responsive elements, many of whose
functions remain largely unknown. Here, we characterize the four DUF1814-family …

MenT nucleotidyltransferase toxins extend tRNA acceptor stems and can be inhibited by asymmetrical antitoxin binding

X Xu, B Usher, C Gutierrez, R Barriot… - Nature …, 2023‏ - nature.com
Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium responsible for human tuberculosis, has a
genome encoding a remarkably high number of toxin-antitoxin systems of largely unknown …

The autoregulator Aca2 mediates anti-CRISPR repression

N Birkholz, RD Fagerlund, LM Smith… - Nucleic acids …, 2019‏ - academic.oup.com
CRISPR-Cas systems are widespread bacterial adaptive defence mechanisms that provide
protection against bacteriophages. In response, phages have evolved anti-CRISPR proteins …

Maize heat shock proteins—prospection, validation, categorization and in silico analysis of the different ZmHSP families

R Diogo-Jr, EV de Resende Von Pinho, RT Pinto… - Stress Biology, 2023‏ - Springer
Among the plant molecular mechanisms capable of effectively mitigating the effects of
adverse weather conditions, the heat shock proteins (HSPs), a group of chaperones with …

Comparative genomics reveals broad genetic diversity, extensive recombination and nascent ecological adaptation in Micrococcus luteus

Y Li, ZZ Sun, JC Rong, BB **e - BMC genomics, 2021‏ - Springer
Background Micrococcus luteus is a group of actinobacteria that is widely used in
biotechnology and is being thought as an emerging nosocomial pathogen. With one of the …

Antitoxin autoregulation of M. tuberculosis toxin-antitoxin expression through negative cooperativity arising from multiple inverted repeat sequences

IN Beck, B Usher, HG Hampton, PC Fineran… - Biochemical …, 2020‏ - portlandpress.com
Toxin-antitoxin systems play key roles in bacterial adaptation, including protection from
antibiotic assault and infection by bacteriophages. The type IV toxin-antitoxin system AbiE …