A classic physiologic response to systemic hypoxia is the increase in red blood cell
production. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) orchestrate this response by inducing cell-type …

High iron is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and affects most of its cardinal
features: decreased insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic …

Iron overload is a risk factor for diabetes. The link between iron and diabetes was first
recognized in pathologic conditions—hereditary hemochromatosis and thalassemia—but …

Hypoxia can be defined as a relative deficiency in the amount of oxygen reaching the
tissues. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are critical regulators of the mammalian response …

The Himalayan Sherpas, a human population of Tibetan descent, are highly adapted to life
in the hypobaric hypoxia of high altitude. Mechanisms involving enhanced tissue oxygen …

Hypoxia inducible factors (HIFs) are α/β heterodimeric transcription factors that direct
multiple cellular and systemic responses in response to changes in oxygen availability. The …

Ischemic stroke occurs when the arteries supplying blood to the brain are narrowed or
blocked, inducing damage to brain tissue due to a lack of blood supply. One effective way to …

Oxygen-sensing mechanisms have evolved to maintain cell and tissue homeostasis since
the ability to sense and respond to changes in oxygen is essential for survival. The primary …

Oxygen (O2) is essential for cellular metabolism and biochemical reactions. When the
demand for O2 exceeds the supply, hypoxia occurs. Hypoxia-inducible factors (HIFs) are …

Most of the literature related to high altitude medicine is devoted to the short-term effects of
high-altitude exposure on human physiology. However, long-term effects of living at high …