The Andes is the longest cordillera in the world and extends from northern South America to
the southern extreme of the continent (from 11° N to 53° S). The Andes runs through seven …

Owing to the extraordinary latitudinal extent, a strong orographic variability with very high
mountain tops, and the presence of deep valleys and steep slopes, the Andes and the …

We evaluate the performance of a large ensemble of Global Climate Models (GCMs) from
the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) over South America for a …

During the 1950s and 1960s, an extensive field study and interpretive effort was made by
researchers, primarily at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography, to sample and understand …

With few exceptions, STS theories of infrastructure stability and change have not been
applied to circumstances in the South. Developed in post-War Europe, these theories are …

Se hace una revisión de la variabilidad de la hidro-climatología de Colombia, en escalas
tempo-rales que incluyen la escala interdecadal, principalmente afectada por la presencia …

Present climate of northwestern South America and the southern Isthmus is detailed in terms
of major hydro-climatic controls, supported by evidence from station records, reanalysis data …

The knowledge of the annual cycle of rainfall is of primary concern for many socioeconomic
activities such as agricultural planning, electricity generation, and flood and other disaster …

The hydro-climatic variability of the Colombian Andes associated with El Niño–Southern
Oscillation (ENSO) is reviewed using records of rainfall, river discharges, soil moisture, and …

The increase in marine, land surface, atmospheric and satellite data during recent decades
has led to an improved understanding of the air–sea interaction processes in the eastern …