Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease that predominantly affects very
low birth weight preterm infants. Development of NEC in preterm infants is accompanied by …

clindamycin. The authors emphasize the importance of screening pregnant women for GBS
and performing antibiotic susceptibility tests prior to selecting treatment. Several studies …

Organogenesis occurs in the uterus under low oxygen levels (4%). Preterm birth exposes
immature newborns to a hyperoxic environment, which can induce a massive production of …

Infancy is a critical period in the maturation of the gut microbiota and a phase of
susceptibility to gut microbiota dysbiosis. Early disturbances in the gut microbiota can have …

The 21st century, thanks to the development of molecular methods, including DNA
barcoding, using Sanger sequencing, and DNA metabarcoding, based on next-generation …

Preterm infants face a high risk of various complications, and their gut microbiota plays a
pivotal role in health. Delivery modes have been reported to affect the development of gut …

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease that occurs
predominantly in premature infants and is characterized by the inflammation and necrosis of …

Abstract Preterm birth (PTB; delivery< 37 weeks), the main cause of neonatal death
worldwide, can lead to adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes, as well as lung and gut …

Introduction Neonatal sepsis remains a critical health issue, contributing significantly to
morbidity and mortality among preterm infants. Dysbiosis, an imbalance in gut microbiota, is …

The twenty-first century has witnessed intensive microbiome research in both animal and
human studies. Bacteria and fungi became essential elements of the ecosystem, instead of …