Exosomes are nanoparticles secreted by all cell types and are a large component of the
broader class of nanoparticles termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). Once secreted …

Obesity is a complex condition that is characterized by excessive fat accumulation, which
can lead to the development of metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes mellitus …

Context Underlying mechanisms leading to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are still
under investigation, and it is unclear whether the placenta plays a role in triggering glucose …

Tissues release microRNAs (miRNAs) in small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) including
exosomes, which can regulate gene expression in distal cells, thus acting as modulators of …

Oxidative stress (OxS) is the cause and the consequence of metabolic syndrome (MetS), the
incidence and economic burden of which is increasing each year. OxS triggers the …

When originally discovered, one of the initial observations was that, when all of the insulin
peptide was depleted from serum, the vast majority of the insulin activity remained and this …

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a multifactorial joint disease with pathological changes that affect
whole joint tissue. Obesity is acknowledged as the most influential risk factor for both the …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common complex endocrine and metabolic
disease in women of reproductive age. It is characterized by anovulatory infertility, hormone …

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) participate in the regulation of several cellular processes
including transcription, RNA processing and genome rearrangement. The aberrant …

MicroRNA (miRNA) s have been identified as an emerging class for therapeutic
interventions mainly due to their extracellularly stable presence in humans and animals and …