Aim Identifying and protecting refugia is a priority for conservation under projected
anthropogenic climate change, because of their demonstrated ability to facilitate the survival …

Climate refugia, locations where taxa survive periods of regionally adverse climate, are
thought to be critical for maintaining biodiversity through the glacial–interglacial climate …

There is compelling evidence from glacial and interglacial periods of the Quaternary of the
utilization of microrefugia. Microrefugia are sites that support locally favorable climates …

Climate change in the past has led to significant changes in species' distributions. However,
how individual species respond to climate change depends largely on their adaptations and …

Aim The aims of this study were to assess the distribution of putative Mediterranean refugia
of plants, to compare the locations of refugia and those of regional hotspots of plant …

The glacial episodes of the Quaternary (2.6 million years ago–present) were a major factor
in sha** the present-day distributions of extant flora and fauna, with expansions and …

Here, we examine the evidence for tree refugia in northern Europe during the Late
Pleniglacial (LPG) interval of maximum tree-range contraction. Our review highlights the …

Glacial cycles have played a dominant role in sha** the genetic structure and distribution
of biota in northwestern North America. The two major ice age refugia of Beringia and the …

OCBIL theory aims to develop an integrated series of hypotheses explaining the evolution
and ecology of, and best conservation practices for, biota on very old, climatically buffered …

Earth's climate has experienced strong changes on timescales ranging from decades to
millions of years. As biodiversity has evolved under these circumstances, dependence on …