Lipid peroxidation is the process by which oxygen combines with lipids to generate lipid
hydroperoxides via intermediate formation of peroxyl radicals. Vitamin E and coenzyme Q …

Phytohormones mediate plant development and responses to stresses caused by biotic
agents or abiotic factors. The functions of phytohormones in responses to viral infection have …

Hormones are tuners of plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. They are involved in
various complicated networks, through which they modulate responses to different stimuli …

Plant diseases are often thought to be caused by one species or even by a specific strain.
Microbes in nature, however, mostly occur as part of complex communities and this has …

In plants, the chloroplast is the organelle that conducts photosynthesis. It has been known
that chloroplast is involved in virus infection of plants for approximate 70 years. Recently, the …

Plant hormones play a vital role in plant immune responses. However, in contrast to the
relative wealth of information on hormone‐mediated immunity in dicot plants, little …

Metagenomic surveys and data from next generation sequencing revealed that mixed
infections among plant viruses are probably a rule rather than an exception in natural …

During the past three decades, the economic impact of tospoviruses has increased, causing
high yield losses in a variety of crops and ornamentals. Owing to the difficulty in combating …

Probably the most known and best studied type of plant resistance to pathogenic infections
is the hypersensitive response (HR), a form of localized programmed cell death associated …

Endophytic plant-growth-promoting microorganisms can protect plants against pathogens,
but they have rarely been investigated as potential biocontrol agents and triggers of induced …