Chromaffin cells (CCs) of the adrenal gland and the sympathetic nervous system produce
the catecholamines (epinephrine and norepinephrine; EPI and NE) needed to coordinate …

T-type calcium channels perform crucial physiological roles across a wide spectrum of
tissues, spanning both neuronal and non-neuronal system. For instance, they serve as …

Hypoglycemia triggers autonomic and endocrine counter-regulatory responses to restore
glucose homeostasis, a response that is impaired in patients with diabetes and its long-term …

Quantitative measurements of sex difference in vesicle chemistry (ie, chemical storage and
release) at the single‐vesicle level are essential to understand sex differences in cognitive …

T-type calcium channels (Cav3. 1 to Cav3. 3) regulate low-threshold calcium spikes, burst
firing and rhythmic oscillations of neurons and are involved in sensory processing, sleep …

Synaptotagmin (Syt) proteins comprise a 17-member family, many of which trigger
exocytosis in response to calcium. Historically, most studies have focused on the isoform Syt …

Besides controlling a wide variety of cell functions, T-type channels have been shown to
regulate neurotransmitter release in peripheral and central synapses and neuroendocrine …

Voltage-gated Ca2+ (CaV) channels enable Ca2+ influx in response to membrane
depolarization. CaV2. 1 channels are localized to the presynaptic membrane of many types …

Key points Tymothy syndrome (TS) is a multisystem disorder featuring cardiac arrhythmias,
autism and adrenal gland dysfunction that originates from a de novo point mutation in the …

Low-voltage-activated (LVA) T-type Ca2+ channels differ from their high-voltage-activated
(HVA) homologues by unique biophysical properties. Hence, whereas HVA channels …