In this paper, the current and most recent applications of direct contact membrane distillation
(DCMD) are discussed. Apart from its rapidly increasing use for the desalination of highly …

In recent decades, freshwater reserves have been under high threats, generated mainly by
anthropogenic causes such as rapid population growth and climate change. Currently, one …

Reject brine is the product from desalination processes containing high salinity, high
temperature, and at many times, dissolved chemicals. With the growing demand of water …

The utilization of solar energy to drive water treatment processes is a potential sustainable
solution to the world's water scarcity issue. In recent years, significant efforts have been …

Humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination has proven to be a reliable, energy-
efficient, and sustainable technique for producing freshwater in decentralized and small …

Seawater desalination based on humidification-dehumidification (HDH) process is a
competitive method to obtain fresh water from sea and brackish water that can be naturally …

The solar and waste heat-powered humidification-dehumidification (HDH) desalination
systems are gaining much significance owing to the alarming effects of global warming and …

Increasing freshwater demands globally has driven the development and performance
enhancements through various desalination technologies. Solar energy or waste energy for …

Nigeria is the most populous country in Africa (7th most populous in the world) and it is
strategic to the realization of the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) by …

The lack of fresh water resources is one of the important reasons obstructing progress all
over the world. To overcome this crucial situation, the water desalination system (WDS) is …