In recent years, the interdisciplinary field of quantum computing has rapidly developed and
garnered substantial interest from both academia and industry due to its ability to process …

In today Internet era, confidential information transmitted over an insecure channel. With the
significant development in the area of quantum computing, there is a need for unconditional …

Abstract “Device-independent” not only represents a relaxation of the security assumptions
about the internal working of the quantum devices, but also can enhance the security of the …

The application of semi‐quantum conception can provide unconditional secure
communication for communicators without quantum capabilities. A semi‐quantum key …

Quantum secure direct communication is the direct communication of secret messages
without need for establishing a shared secret key first. In the existing schemes, quantum …

In this paper, we propose an efficient semiquantum key distribution (SQKD) protocol which is
based on single photons in both polarization and spatial-mode degrees of freedom. This …

We are a journal on embedded computing. Mobile devices such as mobile phones, tablets,
and other devices are part of the embedded computing world. The recent push in India to …

The security of classical cryptography based on computational complexity assumptions has
been severely challenged with the rapid development of quantum computers and quantum …

This study presents the first authenticated semi-quantum key distribution (ASQKD) protocols
without using authenticated classical channels. By pre-sharing a master secret key between …

Semi-quantum private comparison (SQPC) aims to compare the equality of the classical
participants' secrets with the help of a semi-honest TP, in which TP has full quantum …