Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a maladaptive and debilitating psychiatric disorder,
characterized by re-experiencing, avoidance, negative emotions and thoughts, and …

The genetically encoded fluorescent sensors convert chemical and physical signals into
light. They are powerful tools for the visualisation of physiological processes in living cells …

Optogenetic actuators enable highly precise spatiotemporal interrogation of biological
processes at levels ranging from the subcellular to cells, circuits and behaving organisms …

INTRODUCTION Cells and tissues are made up of diverse molecular building blocks,
organized with nanoscale precision over extended length scales. Newly developed …

Optogenetics is widely used to interrogate the neural circuits underlying disease and has
most recently been harnessed for therapeutic applications. The optogenetic toolkit consists …

Modern optogenetics can be tuned to evoke activity that corresponds to naturally occurring
local or global activity in timing, magnitude or individual-cell patterning. This outcome has …

A technology that simultaneously records membrane potential from multiple neurons in
behaving animals will have a transformative effect on neuroscience research,. Genetically …

Tremendous progress has been made since Neuron published our Primer on genetic
dissection of neural circuits 10 years ago. Since then, cell-type-specific anatomical …

While the interaction of the cardinal rhythms of non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep—the
thalamo-cortical spindles, hippocampal ripples, and the cortical slow oscillations—is thought …

Learning-related changes in brain activity are thought to underlie adaptive behaviours,. For
instance, the learning of a reward site by rodents requires the development of an over …