Arctic sea-ice extent and volume are declining rapidly. Several studies project that the Arctic
Ocean may become seasonally ice-free by the year 2040 or even earlier. Putting this into …

The Initiation of Northern Hemisphere Glaciation ADS Classic is now deprecated. It will be
completely retired in October 2019. This page will automatically redirect to the new ADS …

Abstract Late Pliocene and Early Pleistocene epochs 3.6 to 0.8 million years ago had
climates resembling those forecasted under future warming. Palaeoclimatic records show …

IT is well known that a significant intensification of Northern Hemisphere glaciation
occurred∼ 2.5 Myr ago, in contrast to the much earlier onset (∼ 35 Myr) of glaciation in …

A continuous 3.5 Myr IRD record was produced from Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site
907. A timescale based on magnetic polarity chrons, oxygen isotope stratigraphy (for the last …

ABSTRACT A case is made for the stability of the East Antarctic Ice Sheet during Pliocene
time from landscape development and surficial sediments in the Dry Valleys sector of the …

Dogwoods evolved in two main lineages, a red-fruited line in which the inflorescences have
basal bracts, and a blue-(or white-) fruited line in which the bracts are rudimentary or …

Carbon isotopic records from benthic foraminifera are used to map patterns of deep ocean
circulation between 3 and 2 million years ago, the interval when significant northern …

The Pliocene epoch represents an important transition from a climate regime with high-
frequency, low-amplitude oscillations when the Northern Hemisphere lacked substantial ice …

The interpretation of differentially weathered mountainous areas along the fringes of
Pleistocene ice sheets is fundamental for determining ice-sheet behavior and thickness …