Over the last seven decades, applications using members of the Bacillus subtilis group have
emerged in both food processes and crop protection industries. Their ability to form survival …

Abstract The Protein Data Bank (PDB)––the single global repository of experimentally
determined 3D structures of biological macromolecules and their complexes––was …

Starting with the earliest Streptomyces genome sequences, the promise of natural product
genome mining has been captivating: genomics and bioinformatics would transform …

Microbial secondary metabolites are a potent source of antibiotics and other
pharmaceuticals. Genome mining of their biosynthetic gene clusters has become a key …

Actinobacteria encode a wealth of natural product biosynthetic gene clusters, whose
systematic study is complicated by numerous repetitive motifs. By combining several metrics …

The products of many bacterial non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPS) are highly
important secondary metabolites, including vancomycin and other antibiotics. The ability to …

Mass spectrometry instruments measure the mass to charge ratio of ions, from which we
infer the molecular structures. They are key tools for investigating the incredibly diverse …

Natural products are among the most important sources of lead molecules for drug
discovery. With the development of affordable whole-genome sequencing technologies and …

Nonribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are large multimodular biocatalysts that utilize
complex regiospecific and stereospecific reactions to assemble structurally and functionally …

Many drugs are derived from small molecules produced by microorganisms and plants, so-
called natural products. Natural products have diverse chemical structures, but the …