Probiotics and synbiotics are used to treat chronic illnesses due to their roles in immune
system modulation and anti-inflammatory response. They have been shown to reduce …

The human gut‐resident commensal microbiota is a unique ecosystem associated with
various bodily functions, especially immunity. Gut microbiota dysbiosis plays a crucial role in …

Environmental agents have been gaining more attention in recent years for their role in the
pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases (ADs). Increasing evidence has linked environmental …

Lupus nephritis is a severe manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). It is
caused by immune dysregulation and kidney inflammation. In recent findings, gut microbiota …

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by
inflammation and abnormal production of autoantibody, but the mechanisms of the aberrant …

The use of innovative approaches to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms of
autoimmune diseases, as well as to further study of the factors which can have either a …

Gut microbiota has a strong influence on the onset and development of systemic lupus
erythematosus (SLE), and several studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of …

High-throughput 16S rRNA sequencing has allowed the characterization of helminth-
uninfected (HU) and helminth-infected (HI) gut microbiomes, revealing distinct profiles …

Although the relationship between autoimmunity and microorganisms is complex, there is
evidence that microorganisms can prevent the development of various autoimmune …

Several autoimmune diseases have long been linked to viral and bacterial infections. In
contrast, the possibility of fungal infections causing autoimmune diseases has received …