Background The trapezius is an extensive muscle subdivided into upper, middle, and lower
parts. This muscle is a dominant stabilizer of the scapula, normally operating synergistically …

Objective: To systematically review the effectiveness of electromyographic biofeedback
interventions to improve pain and function of patients with shoulder pain. Design: Systematic …

Background Scapular focused exercise interventions are frequently used to treat individuals
with shoulder pain. However, evidence for changes in scapular motion after intervention is …

Background This study aims to investigate the effect of a course of selected corrective
exercises on posture, scapula-humeral rhythm and performance of adolescent volleyball …

Purpose To investigate whether scapular movement training (SMT) is superior to
standardized exercises in improving scapular biomechanics, behavioral, and clinical …

Background and Objectives; Proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) are effective in
improving and maintaining Range of motion (ROM), increasing muscular strength and …

Diagnostic classification is a foundational underpinning of providing care of the highest
quality and value. Diagnosis is pattern recognition that can result in categories of conditions …

Background: Scapular muscle activity during shoulder exercises has been explored with
surface electromyography (EMG). However, knowledge about the activity of deeper-layer …

Background Scapulothoracic upward rotation (UR) is an important shoulder complex motion
allowing for a larger functional work space and improved glenohumeral muscle function …

Monitoring scapular movements is of relevance in the contexts of rehabilitation and clinical
research. Among many technologies, wearable systems instrumented by strain sensors are …