Toll-like receptors (TLRs) serve as the body's first line of defense, recognizing both
pathogen-expressed molecules and host-derived molecules released from damaged or …

Imidazoquinoline derivatives (IMDs) and related compounds function as synthetic agonists
of Toll-like receptors 7 and 8 (TLR7/8) and one is FDA approved for topical antiviral and skin …

Immune checkpoint-targeted monoclonal antibodies directed at Programmed Death
Receptor 1 (PD-1), Programmed Death Ligand 1 (PD-L1) and Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte …

Macrophages are heterogeneous cells that present as different functional phenotypes due to
their plasticity. They can be classified into two categories, namely M1-and M2-like …

During the past decades, anticancer immunotherapy has evolved from a promising
therapeutic option to a robust clinical reality. Many immunotherapeutic regimens are now …

Inducing effective anti-tumor immunity has become a major therapeutic strategy against
cancer. Dendritic cells (DC) are a heterogenous population of antigen presenting cells that …

Prevention of cancer remains the most promising strategy for reducing both its incidence
and the mortality due to this disease. For more than four decades, findings from …

Agonists of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are potent activators of the innate immune system and
hold promise as vaccine adjuvant and for anticancer immunotherapy. Unfortunately, in …

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a class of pattern recognition receptors that play a bridging
role in innate immunity and adaptive immunity. The activated TLRs not only induce …

Small molecule Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7/8 agonists have demonstrated potential as vaccine
adjuvants, since they directly activate APCs and can enhance both humoral and cellular …