At the close of the Fourth International Polar Year, we take stock of the ecological
consequences of recent climate change in the Arctic, focusing on effects at population …

Recent research using repeat photography, long-term ecological monitoring and
dendrochronology has documented shrub expansion in arctic, high-latitude and alpine …

Global change is altering species distributions and thus interactions among organisms.
Organisms live in concert with thousands of other species, some beneficial, some …

One expected response to climate warming in the Arctic is an increase in the abundance
and extent of shrubs in tundra areas. Repeat photography shows that there has been an …

Scholars, politicians, practitioners, and civil society increasingly call for sustainability
transformations to cope with urgent social and environmental challenges. In sustainability …

The formation, growth and drainage of lakes in Arctic and boreal lowland permafrost regions
influence landscape and ecosystem processes. These lake and drained lake basin (L-DLB) …

We present an estimate of net CO2 exchange between the terrestrial biosphere and the
atmosphere across North America for every week in the period 2000 through 2005. This …

Changing climate in northern regions is causing permafrost to thaw with major implications
for the global mercury (Hg) cycle. We estimated Hg in permafrost regions based on in situ …

The cryosphere is defined by the presence of frozen water in its many forms: glaciers, ice
caps, ice sheets, snow, permafrost, and river and lake ice. In the extended Hindu Kush …

Terrestrial hydrology is central to the Arctic system and its freshwater circulation. Water
transport and water constituents vary, however, across a very diverse geography. In this …