Trained immunity is a functional state of the innate immune response and is characterized
by long-term epigenetic reprogramming of innate immune cells. This concept originated in …

Candida albicans is a commensal yeast fungus of the human oral, gastrointestinal, and
genital mucosal surfaces, and skin. Antibiotic-induced dysbiosis, iatrogenic …

Metastasis is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths and myeloid cells are critical in the
metastatic microenvironment. Here, we explore the implications of reprogramming pre …

Immune memory is a defining feature of the acquired immune system, but activation of the
innate immune system can also result in enhanced responsiveness to subsequent triggers …

Therapeutic targeting of the immune system in cancer is now a clinical reality and marked
successes have been achieved, most notably through the use of checkpoint blockade …

The mechanisms underlying innate immune memory have been extensively explored in the
last decades but are in fact largely unknown. Although the specificity of adaptive immune …

The study of innate immunity and its link to inflammation and host defense encompasses
diverse areas of biology, ranging from genetics and biophysics to signal transduction and …

Amino acids are fundamental building blocks supporting life. Their role in protein synthesis
is well defined, but they contribute to a host of other intracellular metabolic pathways …

In the race for a safe and effective vaccine against coronavirus disease (COVID)-19,
pharmaceutical formulation science plays a critical role throughout the development …

Macrophages are first responders for the immune system. In this role, they have both effector
functions for neutralizing pathogens and sentinel functions for alerting other immune cells of …