The implementation of pharmacogenomic (PGx) testing in psychiatry remains modest, in part
due to divergent perceptions of the quality and completeness of the evidence base and …

Background Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) aims to temporarily replace much of the
nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal symptoms …

Background: Current tobacco treatment guidelines have established the efficacy of available
interventions, but they do not provide detailed guidance for common implementation …

Precision medicine is a term used to describe individualized treatment that encompasses
the use of new diagnostics and therapeutics, targeted to the needs of a patient based on …

The health harms of combusted tobacco use are undeniable. With market and regulatory
pressures to reduce the harms of nicotine delivery by combustion, the tobacco product …

Substance and alcohol use disorders impose large health and economic burdens on
individuals, families, communities, and society. Neither prevention nor treatment efforts are …

Over the past decade, precision medicine (PM) approaches have received significant
investment to create new therapies, learn more about disease processes, and potentially …

The cytochrome P450 2A6 (CYP2A6) enzyme metabolizes several clinically relevant
substrates, including nicotine—the primary psychoactive component in cigarette smoke. The …

The tobacco addiction treatment field is progressing through innovations in medication
development, a focus on precision medicine, and application of new technologies for …

Key Clinical Points Tobacco Addiction Tobacco addiction is a chronic relapsing disorder that
accounts for more than 480,000 deaths annually in the United States and is characterized by …