The synaptic hypothesis of schizophrenia has been highly influential. However, new
approaches mean there has been a step-change in the evidence available, and some tenets …

Over the last five decades, a large body of evidence has accrued for structural and metabolic
brain alterations in schizophrenia. Here we provide an overview of these findings, focusing …

Synaptic loss and deficits in functional connectivity are hypothesized to contribute to
symptoms associated with major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress …

Significant individual differences in the trajectories of cognitive aging and in age-related
changes of brain structure and function have been reported in the past half-century. In some …

Depression, a severe psychiatric disorder, has been studied for decades, but the underlying
mechanisms still remain largely unknown. Depression is closely associated with alterations …

It is well-recognized that, despite similar pain characteristics, some people with chronic pain
recover, whereas others do not. In this review, we discuss possible contributions and …

Objective: Structural brain imaging studies in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) have
produced inconsistent findings. This may be partially due to limited statistical power from …

Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorder (ASD),
and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are common neurodevelopmental disorders that …

The discovery of the antidepressant effects of ketamine has opened a breakthrough
opportunity to develop a truly novel class of safe, effective, and rapid-acting antidepressants …

This study relies on knowledge regarding the neuroplasticity of dual-system components
that govern addiction and excessive behavior and suggests that alterations in the grey …