Biotic stress is caused by harmful microbes that prevent plants from growing normally and
also having numerous negative effects on agriculture crops globally. Many biotic factors …

Globally, substantial research into endophytic microbes is being conducted to increase
agricultural and environmental sustainability. Endophytic microbes such as bacteria …

Global climate change-induced abiotic stresses (eg, drought, salinity, extreme temperatures,
heavy metals, and UV radiation) have destabilized the fragile agroecosystems and impaired …

Environmental (abiotic) stresses significantly threaten the worldwide crop production and
food security. Rapid, drastic changes in the global climate have exacerbated such stresses …

Soil salinity has emerged as a serious issue for global food security. It is estimated that
currently about 62 million hectares or 20 percent of the world's irrigated land is affected by …

Globally, agriculture is under a lot of pressure due to rising population and corresponding
increases in food demand. However, several variables, including improper mechanization …

Biological nitrogen fixation in rhizobia occurs primarily in root or stem nodules and is
induced by the bacteria present in legume plants. This symbiotic process has fascinated …

Abiotic stress poses a severe danger to agriculture since it negatively impacts cellular
homeostasis and eventually stunts plant growth and development. Abiotic stressors like …

Plants are subjected to various abiotic stresses, such as drought, extreme temperature,
salinity, and heavy metals. Abiotic stresses have negative impact on the physiology and …

There is an increasing interest in the use of beneficial microorganisms as alternatives to
chemically synthesized or plant-derived molecules to produce therapeutic agents. Bacterial …