Conspectus Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a family of structurally complex
heteropolysaccharides composed of alternating hexosamine and uronic acid or galatose …

Nucleotide sugars have essential roles in every living creature. They are the building blocks
of the biosynthesis of carbohydrates and their conjugates. They are involved in processes …

Highlights•Metabolic engineering of heparosan, heparin and heparan sulfate•Chemical and
chemoenzymatic synthesis of low molecular weight heparins•Development of new heparin …

Complex carbohydrates (glycans) are major players in all organisms due to their structural,
energy, and communication roles. This last essential role involves interacting and/or …

Hyaluronic acid (HA) is a major glycosaminoglycan, a family of structurally complex, linear,
anionic hetero-co-polysaccharides. HA is important in various anatomical structures …

Glycosylation events play an invaluable role in regulating cellular processes including
enzymatic activity, immune recognition, protein stability, and cell–cell interactions. However …

Glycan is an essential cell component that usually exists in either a free form or a
glycoconjugated form. Glycosylation affects the regulatory function of glycoconjugates in …

Heparin is a widely used drug to treat thrombotic disorders in hospitals. Heparosan synthase
2 from Pasteurella multocida (PmHS2) is a key enzyme used for the chemoenzymatic …

Heparin is a naturally occurring glycosaminoglycan isolated from animal tissues and is
medically used as an anticoagulant drug. Adulteration attempts of isolated heparin with …

This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of
matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI) mass spectrometry …