We propose that human social cognition is structured around a basic understanding of
ourselves and others as intuitive utility maximizers: from a young age, humans implicitly …

In coming to understand the world—in learning concepts, acquiring language, and gras**
causal relations—our minds make inferences that appear to go far beyond the data …

This article provides a synthesis and overview of a theory of cognitive development, rational
constructivism. The basic tenets of this view are as follows:(a) Initial state: Human infants …

Children are notoriously bad at delaying gratification to achieve later, greater rewards (eg,
Piaget, 1970)—and some are worse at waiting than others. Individual differences in the …

It is with renewed appreciation for the size of the task that I come to writing the present
chapter. The number of special issues of journals dedicated to im/politeness these days …

Computational learning models are critical for understanding mechanisms of adaptive
behavior. However, the two major current frameworks, reinforcement learning (RL) and …

Much of learning and reasoning occurs in pedagogical situations—situations in which a
person who knows a concept chooses examples for the purpose of hel** a learner …

Cognitive science aims to reverse-engineer the mind, and many of the engineering
challenges the mind faces involve induction. The probabilistic approach to modeling …

The authors present a Bayesian framework for understanding how adults and children learn
the meanings of words. The theory explains how learners can generalize meaningfully from …

A widely advocated idea in education is that people learn better when the flow of experience
is under their control (ie, learning is self-directed). However, the reasons why volitional …